Inward foreign direct investment

At year-end 2023, inward foreign direct investment (FDI) position totaled to 1,432 b.kr. Inward FDI flows amounted to 202 b.kr. during the year.

The flow of equity by foreign parties in domestic companies amounted to 152 b.kr. in 2023. At the same time, the effect of reinvestment on the total flow was reduced by 54 b.kr.

Equity assets accounted for 58% of direct investment position at the end of 2023.

The largest FDI countries at year-end 2023 were Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Switzerland, United Kingdom and Norway.

Inward FDI is largely concentrated in manufacture of aluminum, pharmaceuticals and holding companies. Around 52% of FDI position are in holding companies. A large share of these holdings are connected to the aforementioned sectors.

Outward foreign direct investment

At year-end 2023, outward FDI position totaled to 759 b.kr. Outward FDI flows amounted to 28 b.kr. during the year.

About 87% of total outward FDI was in the form of equity, while the remainder was in the form of debt financing between FDI-related parties.

Around 52% of total FDI position was registered in the Netherlands, the bulk of it in holding companies.

The largest outward direct investors are companies connected to the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and equipment and machinery, as well as the fishing industry. Some 49% of outward FDI is in holding companies, most of it connected to the aforementioned sectors.

See more detailed data for direct investment in the Databank.